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- /*
- * Copyright (c) 1985 Regents of the University of California.
- * All rights reserved.
- *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted
- * provided that this notice is preserved and that due credit is given
- * to the University of California at Berkeley. The name of the University
- * may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
- * software without specific prior written permission. This software
- * is provided ``as is'' without express or implied warranty.
- *
- * All recipients should regard themselves as participants in an ongoing
- * research project and hence should feel obligated to report their
- * experiences (good or bad) with these elementary function codes, using
- * the sendbug(8) program, to the authors.
- */
-
- #ifndef lint
- static char sccsid[] = "@(#)tanh.c 5.2 (Berkeley) 4/29/88";
- #endif /* not lint */
-
- /* TANH(X)
- * RETURN THE HYPERBOLIC TANGENT OF X
- * DOUBLE PRECISION (VAX D FORMAT 56 BITS, IEEE DOUBLE 53 BITS)
- * CODED IN C BY K.C. NG, 1/8/85;
- * REVISED BY K.C. NG on 2/8/85, 2/11/85, 3/7/85, 3/24/85.
- *
- * Required system supported functions :
- * copysign(x,y)
- * finite(x)
- *
- * Required kernel function:
- * expm1(x) ...exp(x)-1
- *
- * Method :
- * 1. reduce x to non-negative by tanh(-x) = - tanh(x).
- * 2.
- * 0 < x <= 1.e-10 : tanh(x) := x
- * -expm1(-2x)
- * 1.e-10 < x <= 1 : tanh(x) := --------------
- * expm1(-2x) + 2
- * 2
- * 1 <= x <= 22.0 : tanh(x) := 1 - ---------------
- * expm1(2x) + 2
- * 22.0 < x <= INF : tanh(x) := 1.
- *
- * Note: 22 was chosen so that fl(1.0+2/(expm1(2*22)+2)) == 1.
- *
- * Special cases:
- * tanh(NaN) is NaN;
- * only tanh(0)=0 is exact for finite argument.
- *
- * Accuracy:
- * tanh(x) returns the exact hyperbolic tangent of x nealy rounded.
- * In a test run with 1,024,000 random arguments on a VAX, the maximum
- * observed error was 2.22 ulps (units in the last place).
- */
-
- double tanh(x)
- double x;
- {
- static double one=1.0, two=2.0, small = 1.0e-10, big = 1.0e10;
- double expm1(), t, copysign(), sign;
- int finite();
-
- #if !defined(vax)&&!defined(tahoe)
- if(x!=x) return(x); /* x is NaN */
- #endif /* !defined(vax)&&!defined(tahoe) */
-
- sign=copysign(one,x);
- x=copysign(x,one);
- if(x < 22.0)
- if( x > one )
- return(copysign(one-two/(expm1(x+x)+two),sign));
- else if ( x > small )
- {t= -expm1(-(x+x)); return(copysign(t/(two-t),sign));}
- else /* raise the INEXACT flag for non-zero x */
- {big+x; return(copysign(x,sign));}
- else if(finite(x))
- return (sign+1.0E-37); /* raise the INEXACT flag */
- else
- return(sign); /* x is +- INF */
- }
-